海洋专业术语

2. 海洋地理
北冰洋 Arctic Ocean
大西洋 Atlantic Ocean
南大洋 Southern Ocean
太平洋 Pacific Ocean 
洋 ocean 
印度洋 Indian Ocean 
渤海 Bohai Sea 
東海 East China Sea 
海 sea 
海洋 marine 
海域 sea areas
黃海 Yellow Sea
南海 South China Sea
边缘海 marginal sea
潮间帶 intertidal zone
潮上帶 supratidal zone 
潮下帶 subtidal zone
大陆边缘 continental margin 
大陆架 continental shelf
海滨 seashore 
海峡 channel
陆地岸线 continental coastline 
陆海 inland sea
河口 estuarine 
水准面 geoid
高程起算面 base sea level 
海表面 sea surface layer
海平面 sea level 
微表面 sea tiny surface layer
平均海平面 mean sea level 
深度基准面 datum for sounding reduction
海图基准面 chart datum 
岸礁 shore reef
堡礁 barrier reef 
岛弧 island arc
岛屿 islands and islets 
环礁 atoll
珊瑚礁 coral reef 

3. 海洋科学
工程海洋学marine engineering
海洋地理学marine geography 
海洋地质学marine geology
海洋地球物理学marine geophysics 
海洋化学marine chemistry
海洋技术marine technology 
海洋经济学marine economics
海洋生态学marine ecology 
海洋科学marine sciences；ocean sciences 
海洋生物学marine biology
海洋物理学marine physics 
海洋学oceanography；oceanology
军事海洋学military oceanography 
卫星海洋学satellite oceanography
物理海洋学physical oceanography 
区域海洋学regional oceanography
海洋动力学marine dynamics 
动力海洋学dynamical oceanography
海洋气象学marine meteorology 
海洋光学marine optics
海洋声学marine acoustics
水声学acoustics
古海洋学paleoceanography
海洋沉积学marine sedimentology
海洋地层学oceanic stratigraphy
海水分析化学analytical chemistry of sea water
海洋地球化学marine geochemistry
海洋生物化学marine biochemistry
海洋物理化学marine physical chemistry
河口化学estuarine chemistry 
初级生产力primary productivity 
海洋生态系（统）marine ecosystems
渔业海洋学fisheries oceanography
海洋生物学marine organism 
海岸带资源coastal zone resources
海底资源submarine resources 
海底矿产【资源】submarine mineral [resources] 
海水化学资源marine chemistry resources
海水【水】资源sea water resource 
海洋可再生资源ocean reproducible resources 
海洋空间【资源】ocean space [resource] 
海洋能 marine energy resources 
海洋生物资源marine biological resources 
海洋药物marine pharmaceuticals
海洋资源marine resources 
海洋产业ocean industry 
海洋经济marine economy 
海洋开发marine exploitation 
海洋旅游sea tourism 
海洋农牧化sea farming and ranching 
海洋倾倒区dumping zone at sea 
海洋渔业marine fishery 
海洋资源保护marine resources protection 
多金属结核polymetallic nodule, multimetal nodule 
多金属结壳polymetallic encrustation
多金属泥metalliferous mud 
海底地壳热流sea-bottom hot flow
海底砂矿submarine placer 
海底热液矿床submarine hydrothermal deposits 
海底油田submarine oil field
反渗透reverse osmosis，RO 
电渗析[脱盐] electrodialysis [desalination]，ED 
海水sea water 
海水淡化sea water desalination 
海水直接利用direct use of seawater 
苦咸水bitter and salty water 
膜[水处理]元件membrane[water treatment] element 
[水处理]膜[water treatment]membrane 
水处理设备the equipment for water treatment 
蒸馏[淡化]法distillation process for desalination 
海上人工岛marine artificial island 
海上养殖工程mariculture engineering 
海上油气开发工程exploitative engineering of offshore petroleum, exploitative engineering of gas reservoir 
海洋工程ocean engineering 
海洋工程地质marine engineering geology
海洋工程环境marine engineering environment 
大陆架公约convention on the continental shelf
地理不利国geographically disadvantaged state 
防倾倒公约prevent dumping convention 
伦敦倾废公约London dumping convention
公海high seas 
公海公约convention on the high seas
海洋政策marine polity 
国际海洋法international law of the sea
海图sea chart 
海洋功能区划division of marine functional zonation 
海洋法law of the sea
海洋权right of the sea 
海域划界delimitation of boundaries on the sea 
海洋法公约UN Convention on the Law of the Sea 
领海territorial sea
领水territorial water 
领海基点territorial sea base point
领海基线baseline of territorial sea 
领海宽度breadth of the territorial sea 
领海的司法管辖权judicial jurisdiction over territorial sea 
领海通过批准制度ratify regime on territorial sea through 
领海外部界限outer limit of the territorial sea
水internal waters 
领海主权sovereignty of the territorial sea
毗连区contiguous zone 
群岛海道通过archipelagic sea lanes passage 
群岛基线archipelagic baseline
群岛水域archipelagic water 
群岛制度institution of archipelago
群岛原则regime of archipelago 
定常基线normal baseline
直线基缝straight baseline 
专属经济区exclusive economic zone
专属渔区exclusive fishing zone 
管理management
海岸带管理coastal zone management 
海藉sea area use register 
海藉管理management of sea area use register 
海上倾倒dumping at sea
岛屿管理management of sea islands 
海洋管理marine management 
海洋行业管理management by marine trades 
海洋环境管理marine environmental management 
海洋权益管理marine right and interests management 
海洋资源管理marine resources management 
海域使用法律制度legal regime for the sea area use 
海域使用管理management of the sea area use 
海域使用论证feasibility assessment of the sea area use 
海洋环境marine environment 
海洋环境保护marine environmental protection
海洋环境评价marine environmental assessment 
海洋环境污染损害marine environmental pollution damage 
海洋环境影响评价marine environmental impact assessment 
海洋环境质量marine environmental quality 
海洋环境质量评价marine environmental quality assessment 
海洋[环境]自然保护区marine[environmental] nature reserve; marine protected area 
海洋污染控制marine pollution control
海洋污染物marine pollutant 
海洋污染物背景值marine pollutant background 
潮流预报tidal current forecast
海冰预报sea ice forecast 
风暴潮预警报storm surge forecasting and warning 
海浪预报ocean wave forecast
海啸警报tsunami forecast 
海洋环境警报marine environmental alarm 
海洋环境预报marine environmental forecasting；
marine environmental prediction 
海洋数值预报numerical forecast of marine 
海洋灾害评估disaster assessment of marine 
[海洋]地质勘探 geologic prospecting
大面观测sea area observation 
[海洋]调查oceanographic survey; oceanographic investigation 
海洋环境监测marine environment monitoring 
海洋环境监视marine monitoring
定点观测fixed point observation 
标准断面调查standard selection investigation 
定时观测timed observation
断面观测sectional observation 
辅助观测opportune observation 
[海洋]常规监测continuous observation 
海洋连续观测continuous observation 
[海洋]遥感[观测] [marine]remote sensing[observation] 
[海洋]走航观测[ocean]cruising observation 
海洋反演数据oceanographic inversion data 
海洋历史数据（信息、资料）oceanographic history data (information、material) 
海洋实测数据oceanography observed data 
海洋实时数据oceanography timely data 
标准体系standards system 
海洋标准marine standard 
海洋标准化oceanography standardization ; marine standardization
技术法规technical regulation 
海洋计量oceanographic metrology 
国家法定计量单位national legal unit of measurement 
[海洋计量器具的]检定 verification[of a oceanographic measuring instrument] 
海洋[特殊]量marine quantity 海洋要素marine elements 
海洋[特殊]量值marine value[of a marine quantity] 
参比性能特性reference performance characteristic 
附加误差additive error 海洋测量仪器oceanographic instrument 
[海洋测量仪器的]计量性能 metrological characteristic [of a oceanographic instrument] 
[海洋测量仪器的]准确度accuracy [of a oceanographic instrument 
[海洋测量仪器]响应时间response time [of a oceanographic instrument] 
[海洋测量仪器]响应特性 response characteristic [of a oceanographic instrument] 
[海洋测量仪器]影响量 influence quantities [of a oceanographic instrument] 
[海洋测量仪器]准确度等级 accuracy class [of a oceanographic instrument] 
海洋仪器设备oceanographic instruments and equipments 
[海洋仪器设备]安全性safety [of a oceanographic instrument] 
[海洋仪器设备]参考条件 reference conditions [of a oceanographic instrument]；
reference conditions [of a marine instrument] 
[海洋仪器设备]额定操作条件 rated operating conditions [of a oceanographic instrument]；rated operating conditions [of a marine instrument]；
[海洋仪器设备]极限条件limiting conditions [of a oceanographic instrument]；limiting conditions [of a marine instrument]；
[海洋仪器设备]互换性 interchangeability [of a oceanographic instrument]；
[海洋仪器设备]环境适应性 interchangeability [of a marine instrument] ; environment applicability [of a oceanographic instrument]；environment applicability [of a marine instrument]；
[海洋仪器设备]可靠度reliability [of a oceanographic instrument]；
reliability [of a marine instrument]；
[海洋仪器设备]可靠性reliability [of a oceanographic instrument]；
reliability performance[of a marine instrument]；
[海洋仪器设备]可信性creditability [of a oceanographic instrument]；
creditability [of a marine instrument]；
[海洋仪器设备]配套性suitability [ of a oceanographic instrument ] 
suitability [of a marine equipment] 
[海洋仪器设备]通用要求general specifications[of a marine equipment] 
general specifications [ of a oceanographic instrument ] 
[海洋仪器设备]相容性compatibility [of a marine equipment] 
compatibility [ of a oceanographic instrument ] 
[海洋仪器设备] 性能特性performance characteristic [ of a oceanographic instrument ] ; performance characteristic [of a marine equipment] 
基本误差intrinsic error 
有证参考物质certified reference material ,CRM（缩写）
海水sea water
海面水温sea surface temperature(SST) 
现场温度insitu temperature
等温线isotherm 
温度深度图bathythermogram
暖水舌warm water tongue 
冷水舌cold water tongue
暖水圈warm water sphere 
冷水圈cold water sphere
盐度salinity 
1978实用盐标Practical Salinity Scale 1978(PSS 78) 
绝对盐度absolute salinity
实用盐度practical salinity 
等盐线isohaline
盐舌salinity tongue 
盐指salt finger
盐【水】楔salt water wedge 
热盐结构thermohaline structure
海水密度sea water density 
现场密度insitu density
密度超量density excess 
海水比容specific volume of sea water 
现场比容insitu specific volume 
比容偏差specific volume anomaly 
热比容偏差 thermosteric anomaly 
铅直稳定度vertical stability
对流混合convective mixing 
涡动混合turbulent mixing
潮混合tidal mixing 
【混合】增密cabbeling,caballing
温跃层 thermocline
主【温】跃层 main thermocline 
季节性【温】跃层 seasonal thermocline 
盐跃层 halocline
密度跃层 pycnocline 
波internal wave
拟置层inversion layer 
均匀层homogeneous layer
混合层mixed layer ，mixing layer 
大洋对流层oceanic troposphere
层化海洋stratified ocean 
冷涡cold eddy 
暖涡warm eddy 
水型water type 
水团water mass 
水系water system 
表层水surface water 
次表层水subsurface water 
中层水intermediate water 
深层水deep water 
底层水bottom water 
沿岸水coastal water  
中央水central water 
南极绕极水团Antarctica Circumpolar Water Mass 
北极水Arctic water ; North Polar Water 
副热带模态水subtropical mode water 
黄海冷水团Huanghai（Yellow Wea）Cold Water Mass 
长江冲淡水Changjiang Diluted Water ; Changjiang River Plume 
赤道辐合带Equatorial Convergence Zone 
海洋锋oceanic front 
细结构finestructure
微结构microstructure 
海面斑带slick
海洋湍流oceanic turbulence 
双扩散double diffusion
海水状态方程sea water state equation 
海色sea colour
水色water colour 
海水透明度sea water transparency
海流ocean current 
总环流general circulation
大洋环流ocean circulation 
热盐环流thermohaline circulation
热盐对流thermohaline convection 
深渊环流abyssal circulation 
赤道流equatorial current 
漂流drift current  
西风漂流west wind drift 
南极绕极流Antarctic Circumpolar Current 
西边界流western boundary current 
风海流wind-driven current 
地转流geostrophic current 
密度流density current 
坡度流slope current  
信风海流trade wind current 
季风海流monsoon current 
补偿流compensation current
逆流counter current
赤道逆流Equatorial Counter current 
赤道潜流Equatorial Under current 
太平洋赤道潜流Pacific Equatorial Under current
大西洋赤道潜流Atlantic Equatorial Under current 
印度洋赤道潜流Indian Equatorial Under current 
上升流 upwelling 
下降流 downwelling 
沿岸流 coastal current 
渤海沿岸流 Bohai Coastal Current 
黄海沿岸流 Huanghai（Yellow Sea）Coastal Current 
东海沿岸流 Donghai （East China Sea）Coastal Current 
南海沿岸流 Nanhai （South China Sea）Coastal Current 
顺岸流 longshore current  
表层流 surface current 
次表层流 subsurface current 
深层流 deep current 
底层流 bottom current 
暖流 warm current 
黄海暖流 Huanghai （Yellow Sea）Warm current 
暖流 Taiwan Warm current
黑潮 Kuroshio 
南海暖流 Nanhai （South China Sea）Warm current 
对马海流 Tsushima Current 
湾流 Gulf Stream 
寒流 cold current 
亲潮 oyashio 
余流 residual current 
流涡 gyre 
流环 ring 
体积运输 volume transport 
动力方法 dynamic method  
无运动面 level of no motion 
位势高度 potential height 
风因子 wind factor 
埃克曼漂流 Ekman drift current 
埃克曼深度 Ekman depth 
埃克曼层 Ekman layer 
埃克曼螺旋 Ekman spiral 
埃克曼输运 Ekman transport 
埃克曼抽吸 Ekman pumping 
底摩擦层 bottom friction layer  
斜压海洋 baroclinic ocean 
正压海洋 barotropic ocean  
中尺度涡 mesoscale eddy 
卷吸 entrainment 
波流 wave-induced current（wave current）
裂流 rip current  
海浪 ocean wave 
风区 fetch 
风时 wind duration 
最小风区 minimum fetch 
最小风时 minimum duration 
等效风区 equivalent fetch 
等效风时 equivalent duration 
波高 wave height 
有效波 significant wave 
波周期 wave period 
波陡 wave steepness 
波龄 wave age 
波候 wave climate 
毛细波 capillary wave 
重力波 gravitational wave 
孤立波 solitary wave 
边沿波 edge wave
陆架波 shelf wave 
潜水波 shallow water wave 
深水波 deep water wave 
浅水系数 shoaling factor 
短峰波 short—crested wave 
长峰波 long-crested wave 
规则波 regular wave 
不规则波 irregular wave 
波浪爬高 swash height 
船行波 ship wave 
余摆[线]波 trochoidal wave 
椭[圆]余[弦]波 oidal wave 
椭[圆]余摆[线]波 elliptic trochoidal wave 
斯托克斯波 stokes wave 
俘获波 trapped wave 
碎波 breaker , surf 
崩碎波（崩顶碎波）spilling breaker 
激碎波（激散碎波）surging breaker 
卷碎波（卷跃碎波）plunging breaker 
碎波带 surf zone 
风浪 wind wave 
白冠 whitecap 
波群 wave group 
充分成长的风浪 fully developed sea 
波级 wave scale 
波峰线 wave crest line 
海浪谱 ocean wave spectrum 
方向波谱 directional wave spectrum 
海浪反射 ocean wave reflection 
海浪折射 ocean wave refraction 
海浪绕射 ocean wave diffraction 
涌浪 swell 
先行涌 forerunner 
潮汐 tide 
潮位 tide level 
高潮 high water (HW) 
低潮 low water (LW) 
潮差 tidal range 
涨潮 flood 
落潮 ebb 
大潮 spring tides 
小潮 neap tides 
双高潮 double flood 
双低潮 double ebb 
平潮 still tide 
停朝 water stand 
潮升 tidal rise 
引潮力 tide-generating force 
引潮势 tidal potential 
天文潮 astronomical tide 
假想天体 fictitious body 
平衡潮 equilibrium tide 
分潮 tidal component tidal constituent 
半日潮 semi-diurnal tide 
全日潮 diurnal tide 
太阴潮 lunar tide 
太阳潮 solar tide 
回归潮 tropic tide 
分点潮 equinoctial tide 
潮龄 tide age 
分潮日 constituent day 
分潮时 constituent hour 
太阴潮间隙 lunar tide interval 
倍潮 overtide 
复合潮 compound tide 
辐射潮 radiational tide 
混合潮 mixed tide 
日不等【现象】 diurnal inequality 
潮流 tidal current 
旋转流rotary current
往复流alternating current 
转流turn of tidal current 
潮余流tide-induced residual current 
潮流椭圆current ellipse 
潮波tidal wave 
旋转潮波系统amphidromic system,amphidrome 
无潮点amphidromic point 
潮internal tide 
假潮seiche 
涌潮tidal bore 
钱塘江涌潮qiantang reiver tidal bore 
同潮图cotidal chart 
潮能tidal energy 
气象潮meteorological tide 
风暴潮storm surge 
海啸tsunami 
异常水位anomalous sea level 
平均海面mean sea level 
海面sea level 
海图基准面datum of chart 
潮汐基准面tidal datum 
半潮面half-tide level 
潮汐调和分析harmonic analysis of tide 
潮汐调和常数harmonic constants of tide 
潮汐非调和常数nonharmonic constant of tide 
潮汐表tide tables 
最高天文潮位highest astronomical tide(HAT) 
最低天文潮位lowest astronomical tide(LAT) 
海冰sea ice 
陆源冰ice of land origin 
固定冰fast ice 
流冰pack ice 
浮冰floating ice 
浮冰群floating ice massif 
岸冰shore ice 
冰脚ice foot 
底座冰ground ice 
锚冰anchor ice 
初生冰new ice 
冰壳ice rind 
莲叶冰pancake ice 
尼罗冰nilas ice 
初期冰young ice 
一年冰first-year ice 
老年冰old ice 
冰期ice cover 
海冰密集度ice concentration 
冰缘线ice edge 
裸冰bare ice 
雪盖冰snow covered ice 
平整冰level ice 
变形冰deformed ice 
重叠冰rafted ice 
堆积冰hummocked ice 
冰丘hummock 
冰脊ridge 
冰原ice field 
碎冰brash ice 
冰间水道lead，lane 
冰间湖polynya 
冰架ice shelf 
冰山iceberg 
冰岛ice island 
水下冰脚ram 
海洋（性）气候maritime climate，marine climate 
海—气相互作用air-sea interaction 
南方涛动southern oscillation，SO 厄尔尼诺
海—气边界过程air-sea boundary process 
海—气热交换ocean-atmosphere heat exchange 
海洋气团maritime air mass 
海面反照率sea surface albedo 
海陆风land and sea breezes 
海雾sea fog 
海龙卷waterspout
蜃景 mirage
海洋生物学marine bio-acoustics
海洋声速sound velocity in the sea
浅海传播shallow water propagation
深海传播deep sea propagation
传播损失transmission loss
传播异常propagation anomaly
会聚区convergence zone
海水声吸收sound absorption in sea water
声道sound channel
表层声道surface sound channel
深海声道deep sea sound channel
混合层声道mixed layer sound channel
海底声反射bottom reflection
掠射角grazing angle
海面混响surface reverberation
海底混响 bottom reverberation
体积混响 volume reverberation
海底散射 bottom scattering
体积散射 volume scattering
深海散射层 deep scattering layer．DSL
海洋噪声sea noise
海洋环境噪声ambient sea noise
海洋生物噪声 marine biological noise
流体动力噪声 hydrodynamic noise
风生噪声 wind-generated noise
回声测距 echo ranging
水声换能器 underwater acoustic transducer
声呐 sonar (sound navigation and ranging)
声遥感 acoustic remote sensing
水中比照度 contrast in water
海面向上辐射 radiation from the sea surface
海洋光学遥感 oceanic optical remote sensing
水中比照度传输 contrast transmission in water
水下“窗口〞 underwater window
衰减长度 attenuation length
海色指数 sea color index
水中能见度 visibility in water
海洋辐射传递 radiative transfer in ocean
海水电导率 conductivity of sea water
海水磁导率 permeability of .sea water
海水离子迁移率 ion mobility of sea water
海洋电磁场 marine electromagnetic field 
潮感电磁场 tide-induced electromagnetic field
浪感电磁场 wave-induced electromagnetic field